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Shi Yuanchun, a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and a member of the Third World Academy of Sciences, estimates that China's rich biomass resources can build a green oil field with an annual output of 100 million tons within 15 years. According to China's actual situation and the use of foreign experience, China's appropriate development of biomass energy has five strategic products, ranking in order of importance are fuel ethanol, molded fuel, industrial biogas, bio-plastics and biodiesel. China has abundant resources for the production of fuel ethanol and is the first choice for the development of biomass energy. There is not much difference in the starting time between the development of biomass energy in this new industry and that of the United States and Europe. However, there is a big gap between the basic work, the promotion of the state and enterprises, and the development indicators and speeds proposed. Therefore, the state should guide and support the development of biomass energy as soon as possible.
Yin Weilun, academician of the Beijing Forestry University and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering: China has entered an era relying on the development of biomass, which is consistent with the trend of the world. To solve the shortage of resources and realize energy substitution will play an important role. The formulation of non-food is correct, but we must also use grain, not compete with the grain, and look outside the cultivated land. Land development and utilization must be combined with ecological construction to prevent soil erosion and create new problems. We must take the path of harmonious development with the ecological environment. Cellulose ethanol, as a future development direction, is not emphasized enough. The goal is to start cellulosic ethanol like Chenhualiang as raw materials during the “Tenth Five-Year Plan†period, and increase investment to lay the foundation for the long-term development of biomass energy.
Professor Li Shizhong, deputy director of the Institute of New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University's Institute of Advanced Energy Technology: In the near future, the realization of oil substitution in the world is mainly achieved through two approaches: one is coal-based oil, and the other is the development of biomass energy. Since coal-to-oil is just a conversion between primary energy sources, it cannot guarantee the sustainable supply of energy fundamentally. Many countries in the world will focus on the development of biomass energy as a national energy strategy.
The greatest significance of the national fiscal and taxation policies for the biomass energy industry is that it will strongly promote the oil substitution strategy and reduce the pressure on petrochemical resources and the ecological environment.
Yan Lin, associate researcher at the Institute of Quantitative and Technical Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences: Although there are a wide variety of renewable energies in the world, there are very few alternatives to petroleum. Biofuels are currently the only large renewable energy source that can enter the market and can replace petroleum fuels. Therefore, bioethanol and biodiesel as gasoline additives are the first choice for alternative oil.
We need to calmly analyze what natural conditions and institutional conditions are needed, as well as the feasibility of developing and promoting technology in our country. The success of Brazil's biofuel development strategy does not mean that its technical route is also feasible in other countries because sugar cane varieties are strongly geographical and cannot be transplanted on other continents. No country can rely on technology to develop its own biofuel industry.
Wang Mengjie, deputy director of the China Renewable Energy Society: At present, the technology of non-food crops is still in the primary development stage, which requires the support of the national fiscal and taxation policies, thereby accelerating the industrial development process. However, the state's subsidies should not allow enterprises to "stick" to them forever, and they will not enterprisingly and become "fighting up the fight." The state must adopt certain mechanisms to encourage enterprises to reduce costs, increase efficiency, and accelerate technological progress. The purpose of the subsidy should be to let the company get rid of subsidies as soon as possible.
Chinese Academy of Sciences Yu Tingyun: The use of biomass energy in China is still a virgin land and has great potential. Biomass is characterized by low energy density, decentralized production areas, and difficulties in processing, storage, and transportation. Therefore, the scale and benefits are closely related. China's current biomass energy consumption is very large, but its technical level and efficiency are low. For example, biogas construction is large and it can be used less continuously. The Chenhua Grain Fuel Ethanol Project has a large amount of ethanol, but its technology is backward and its efficiency is poor. Each ton needs to be subsidized more than 1,000 yuan. In addition, the research on biomass energy in China is sporadic, and it lacks long-term planning and goals, and funding is scarce. For the future development of biomass energy, technological innovation is the key, mainly to develop excellent germplasm selection of energy plants, increase unit production, reduce raw material costs, and combine ecological and agricultural structural adjustment.
Yin Weilun, academician of the Beijing Forestry University and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering: China has entered an era relying on the development of biomass, which is consistent with the trend of the world. To solve the shortage of resources and realize energy substitution will play an important role. The formulation of non-food is correct, but we must also use grain, not compete with the grain, and look outside the cultivated land. Land development and utilization must be combined with ecological construction to prevent soil erosion and create new problems. We must take the path of harmonious development with the ecological environment. Cellulose ethanol, as a future development direction, is not emphasized enough. The goal is to start cellulosic ethanol like Chenhualiang as raw materials during the “Tenth Five-Year Plan†period, and increase investment to lay the foundation for the long-term development of biomass energy.
Professor Li Shizhong, deputy director of the Institute of New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University's Institute of Advanced Energy Technology: In the near future, the realization of oil substitution in the world is mainly achieved through two approaches: one is coal-based oil, and the other is the development of biomass energy. Since coal-to-oil is just a conversion between primary energy sources, it cannot guarantee the sustainable supply of energy fundamentally. Many countries in the world will focus on the development of biomass energy as a national energy strategy.
The greatest significance of the national fiscal and taxation policies for the biomass energy industry is that it will strongly promote the oil substitution strategy and reduce the pressure on petrochemical resources and the ecological environment.
Yan Lin, associate researcher at the Institute of Quantitative and Technical Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences: Although there are a wide variety of renewable energies in the world, there are very few alternatives to petroleum. Biofuels are currently the only large renewable energy source that can enter the market and can replace petroleum fuels. Therefore, bioethanol and biodiesel as gasoline additives are the first choice for alternative oil.
We need to calmly analyze what natural conditions and institutional conditions are needed, as well as the feasibility of developing and promoting technology in our country. The success of Brazil's biofuel development strategy does not mean that its technical route is also feasible in other countries because sugar cane varieties are strongly geographical and cannot be transplanted on other continents. No country can rely on technology to develop its own biofuel industry.
Wang Mengjie, deputy director of the China Renewable Energy Society: At present, the technology of non-food crops is still in the primary development stage, which requires the support of the national fiscal and taxation policies, thereby accelerating the industrial development process. However, the state's subsidies should not allow enterprises to "stick" to them forever, and they will not enterprisingly and become "fighting up the fight." The state must adopt certain mechanisms to encourage enterprises to reduce costs, increase efficiency, and accelerate technological progress. The purpose of the subsidy should be to let the company get rid of subsidies as soon as possible.
Chinese Academy of Sciences Yu Tingyun: The use of biomass energy in China is still a virgin land and has great potential. Biomass is characterized by low energy density, decentralized production areas, and difficulties in processing, storage, and transportation. Therefore, the scale and benefits are closely related. China's current biomass energy consumption is very large, but its technical level and efficiency are low. For example, biogas construction is large and it can be used less continuously. The Chenhua Grain Fuel Ethanol Project has a large amount of ethanol, but its technology is backward and its efficiency is poor. Each ton needs to be subsidized more than 1,000 yuan. In addition, the research on biomass energy in China is sporadic, and it lacks long-term planning and goals, and funding is scarce. For the future development of biomass energy, technological innovation is the key, mainly to develop excellent germplasm selection of energy plants, increase unit production, reduce raw material costs, and combine ecological and agricultural structural adjustment.
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