Fire risk in thermal oil systems is extremely low due to the highly developed safety measures and protocols that have been refined over decades. Both manufacturers and users of these systems understand the importance of proper design, operation, and maintenance to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.
At Pirobloc, we prioritize safety above all else in our thermal fluid installations. We are committed to delivering products that are not only efficient but also safe and reliable for our customers.
**Common Causes of Fire in Industrial Hot Oil Heating Systems**
While fires in thermal fluid systems are rare, it's important to understand the potential causes:
- **Leaks**: Poorly designed or maintained systems can lead to leaks, which may come into contact with ignition sources such as electrical panels, motors, or bearings. Even small leaks at flanges can be dangerous if not properly managed using high-quality gaskets made from materials like graphite or Teflon.
- **Insulation Fires**: Although uncommon, fires can occur if heat transfer fluid seeps into porous insulation materials like fibreglass or mineral wool. Closed-cell foam glass insulation is recommended to prevent fluid spread and reduce fire risk.
- **Undetected Loss of Flow**: A loss of flow combined with a failure in safety devices can lead to overheating and subsequent fires. Proper installation of low-flow shutdown systems on the burner interlock is crucial.
- **Cracked Tubes**: While rare, cracked tubes can cause serious fires if unsuitable materials are used. Regular maintenance and monitoring of thermal fluid quality help prevent this issue.
**Assessing Fire Risk in Thermal Fluid Systems**
Three key parameters help assess fire risk:
1. **Flash Point**: The temperature at which vapors will ignite when exposed to an ignition source.
2. **Ignition Point**: The temperature at which combustion continues without an external source.
3. **Autoignition Temperature**: The temperature at which a substance ignites without any external flame or spark.
Although these parameters are important, most fires result from system failures rather than the fluid itself.
**Fire Prevention Measures**
To further minimize fire risks, consider the following:
- Use closed-cell foam glass insulation (like FOAMGLAS®) around leak-prone areas.
- Avoid porous insulation materials near potential leakage points.
- Ensure pump seals are regularly inspected and replaced when needed.
- Install low-flow alarms and shutdown systems to detect and respond to flow issues.
- Keep drip pans clean and maintain proper ventilation around the system.
- Design piping with leak prevention in mind, such as positioning valve stems sideways to allow leakage to drain away.
Proper design, regular maintenance, and adherence to manufacturer guidelines are essential for ensuring the long-term safety of your thermal oil system.
**The Role of Thermal Insulation**
Thermal insulation plays a critical role in fire safety by preventing flammable liquids from being absorbed and reducing surface temperatures. Closed-cell insulation, especially cellular glass, is the safest option as it limits fluid spread and reduces the risk of auto-ignition.
Carles Ferrer
Industrial Engineer, Sales Director at Pirobloc
With over 80 countries covered, Carles has played a key role in developing many thermal fluid projects globally.
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