Analysis of the working principle of the temperature difference battery

A thermoelectric battery is a device that uses thermal temperature to directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy. Temperature difference batteries are generally available in both metal and semiconductor materials. The battery made of metal has a small Seebeck effect and is often used to measure temperature, radiation intensity, and the like. The battery generally has several thermocouples connected in series, one of which is exposed to a heat source, and the other is fixed in a specific temperature environment. The generated electromotive force is equal to the sum of the galvanic couples, and is converted into a temperature according to the measured electromotive force. Or intensity. For example, we use it in daily life to measure the high temperature of smelting and heat treatment furnaces.

Since different metal materials have different free electron densities, when two different metal conductors are in contact, electron diffusion occurs at the contact surface. The rate of electron diffusion is related to the electron density of the two conductors and is proportional to the temperature of the contact zone.

Let the conductors A and B have free electron densities of NA and NB, and have NA>NB. As a result of electron diffusion, conductor A loses electrons and is positively charged, and conductor B is negatively charged by electrons, forming an electric field at the contact surface. This electric field prevents the electrons from continuing to diffuse. When the dynamic equilibrium is reached, a stable potential difference, that is, the contact potential, is formed in the contact region.

American scientists have discovered that a gel in the shark's nose can convert changes in seawater temperature into electrical signals that are transmitted to nerve cells, allowing sharks to sense subtle temperature changes and accurately find food. Scientists speculate that other animals are inside. Similar colloids may also be present. The nature of this current due to temperature differences is similar to the thermoelectric effect of semiconductor materials. The synthesis of such colloids is expected to find application in the microelectronics industry.

A scientist at the University of San Francisco reported in the British magazine Nature, published on January 30, that he extracted a colloid similar to ordinary gelatin from the pores of the shark's nose and found it to be very sensitive to temperature. A temperature change of 0.1 °C will cause it to produce a significant voltage change.

The pores of the shark's nose are filled with nerve cells that are very sensitive to current. The temperature changes in the seawater cause currents in the gel body to stimulate the nerves and make the sharks perceive the temperature difference. Scientists believe that with this colloid, the shark can perceive 0.001 The temperature changes in °C, which is good for them to forage in seawater.

Mammals sense temperature by ion channels on the cell surface: changes in external temperature cause charged ions to enter and exit the channel, generate current, stimulate nerves, and thus make animals feel cold and warm. Unlike mammals, sharks use colloids and do not require ion channels. It can also sense temperature changes.

Spare Parts of Slaughtering Equipments

Rabbit Neck Washing Machine,Rabbit Slaughtering Machine,Poultry Equipments

Main Equipments Co., Ltd. , http://www.nspoultryequipment.com