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I. Introduction:
Drying, as an important unit for the production of dyes, has always been valued by people. This is because, theoretically speaking, the development has not been perfect. Although the existing mathematical models can guide the design of dryers, the establishment of these models often ignores many conditions, resulting in a large difference between the calculation results and the actual. Many indicators of dye products have a close relationship with the dryer. Sometimes the design of drying has to rely on experience, so there is still work to be done in this area.
Drying is often associated with energy consumption. According to reports, about 10% of the energy consumption is on drying, and the dry thermal efficiency fluctuates in the range of 15 to 80%. What kind of drying method is used to select drying equipment? This is closely related to the use of heat energy, and will directly affect the added value of the product and the economic benefits of the factory, so it has always been valued by people. Drying equipment often invests heavily. In dye production, the investment in drying equipment accounts for a large proportion, so decision makers are cautious about the determination of such equipment. Drying of dyes is often accompanied by waste water, exhaust gas and noise. It is linked with environmental protection work. The correct drying method has important economic and social benefits. Dye drying is a post-production operation that has a direct effect on the overall yield and quality of the product.
Due to the above reasons, each dye factory attaches great importance to the operation of this unit. This article gives some superficial views on the current situation and development trend of dye drying equipment.
Second, foreign dye drying equipment status and development trends:
There are many types of equipment used abroad for drying dyes, including Danish Nello, Anhedanuo, Klaus-Maffei, Germany, Nara, Japan, and Okawara Drying Equipment Manufacturing Company. The influence of the technical level of these companies determines the development level of dye drying equipment in the world today. Here are some typical dryers.
1. For spin-drying dyes, rotary flash dryers, vibrating carrier dryers, fluidized bed dryers, cage crushing dryers, belt dryers, plate dryers, and cyclone drying have been developed in the early 1980s. Such devices are characterized by the fact that they have a good effect on the difficulty in outputting paste paste dyes, and most of the products obtained are powdery or irregular solid particles.
2. Sprayable dryers, drum dryers, and multi-functional dryers are used for the flowable paste dyes. The spray dryer nozzles are available in pressurized, rotating, and air flow versions. The first two types produce hollow, particulate products.
3. Combined dryer, this type of equipment to reduce the size of the dryer, the operation is flexible, mainly spray surface fluidized dryer, spray fluid bed dryer, spray belt dryer and so on. Some products need to be cooled rapidly after drying. The dryer of the group has three levels of drying, one of which is cooling and drying. In addition, there are other drying patterns.
In recent years, the development trend of foreign drying equipment can be summarized as:
1. Drying equipment develops in the direction of large-scale continuous sealing. The so-called large-scale production increases the water evaporation capacity of the equipment, which is beneficial to the stability of product quality, reduces energy consumption, and raises the efficiency of high-drying hot tears, equipment costs, plant costs, and equipment. Operating costs are more economical.
2. Further development of paste-like dye drying equipment will enable exploration of the nature of materials and the rules of export, delivery and drying to more effectively address the drying of such materials.
3. In view of the heat-sensitive properties of the dyes, vacuum drying was developed until low-temperature drying equipment to ensure that the low-melting-point dyes do not deteriorate during the drying process.
4. Research and development of new multi-functional equipment, set filtering, drying, smashing, fight and wait until the unit operates in a machine, simplify the operating procedures.
5. The serial design and computer-assisted design of the equipment manufacturer's advanced equipment will further optimize the system and make it more effective.
6. Strengthen theoretical research and material testing, and constantly introduce new products to promote the development of dye production.
Third, the status of domestic dye drying equipment and development trends:
The development of drying equipment in China was relatively late, but it developed rapidly. In the 1964 regional survey, there were only several types of box dryers, rotary dryers, drum dryers, and air dryers. By the end of 1975, they were nationwide. A variety of drying equipments have appeared in the survey. Recent survey results show that in recent years, drying equipment in the dye industry in China has mainly concentrated on the following types.
Box-type dryer The box-type dryer always occupies the leading position of the drying equipment. This is because the box-type dryer is simple in manufacturing, low in cost, and convenient in operation. It is suitable for occasions with small batches, frequent replacement of varieties, and batch production. However, the box dryer has a long production cycle. Although it operates at a low temperature, it can easily cause overheating and deterioration of the dye. The product has uneven moisture. After drying, the product needs to pass through dry powder and the equipment has low thermal efficiency (usually only about 15%). The box-type dryer should be reformed, using forced hot air circulation structure, insulation layer, doors and some openings should be closed to prevent energy loss and improve thermal efficiency.
Jaw Dryer Jaw Drying is suitable for the drying of pasty dyes and intermediates. It has a wide range of application and is characterized by high thermal efficiency. However, some squeezing dryers are operated intermittently and their production capacity is affected. In recent years, with the use of flash dryers and paddle dryers, rake dryers have been replaced by both.
Spray Dryer The type of spray dryer is divided into three types: pressure type, turntable type, and air flow type. Each type has its own application in China. The airflow type is mostly sprayed on a drying tower that has been manufactured for more than 60 years. Because of its high energy consumption and the product's tendency to overheat and deteriorate, it has been gradually replaced by two other types. Due to the pressure type, centrifugal dryer can produce hollow particles, which is welcomed by users. However, the disadvantage of the spray dryer is its low thermal efficiency and large investment. The solution is to optimize it with other types of dryers. The discharged exhaust gas will be recovered through waste heat and will have more development prospects.
Rotary Flash Dryer Rotary flash drying sets dry and pulverize into a machine that can effectively dry paste-like dyes and intermediates. It is characterized by high heat rate and large production capacity. However, due to the large differences in material properties, it is necessary to have a corresponding feeder. Research in this area is still not enough. More tests should be conducted to find out the rules and expand the scope of use.
In addition, vibrating fluidized beds, hollow blade dryers, vibration carrier dryers, cyclone dryers are all new models that have appeared in the dye industry in recent years, and they all play a role in promoting the development of dye drying technologies in China.
Drying, as an important unit for the production of dyes, has always been valued by people. This is because, theoretically speaking, the development has not been perfect. Although the existing mathematical models can guide the design of dryers, the establishment of these models often ignores many conditions, resulting in a large difference between the calculation results and the actual. Many indicators of dye products have a close relationship with the dryer. Sometimes the design of drying has to rely on experience, so there is still work to be done in this area.
Drying is often associated with energy consumption. According to reports, about 10% of the energy consumption is on drying, and the dry thermal efficiency fluctuates in the range of 15 to 80%. What kind of drying method is used to select drying equipment? This is closely related to the use of heat energy, and will directly affect the added value of the product and the economic benefits of the factory, so it has always been valued by people. Drying equipment often invests heavily. In dye production, the investment in drying equipment accounts for a large proportion, so decision makers are cautious about the determination of such equipment. Drying of dyes is often accompanied by waste water, exhaust gas and noise. It is linked with environmental protection work. The correct drying method has important economic and social benefits. Dye drying is a post-production operation that has a direct effect on the overall yield and quality of the product.
Due to the above reasons, each dye factory attaches great importance to the operation of this unit. This article gives some superficial views on the current situation and development trend of dye drying equipment.
Second, foreign dye drying equipment status and development trends:
There are many types of equipment used abroad for drying dyes, including Danish Nello, Anhedanuo, Klaus-Maffei, Germany, Nara, Japan, and Okawara Drying Equipment Manufacturing Company. The influence of the technical level of these companies determines the development level of dye drying equipment in the world today. Here are some typical dryers.
1. For spin-drying dyes, rotary flash dryers, vibrating carrier dryers, fluidized bed dryers, cage crushing dryers, belt dryers, plate dryers, and cyclone drying have been developed in the early 1980s. Such devices are characterized by the fact that they have a good effect on the difficulty in outputting paste paste dyes, and most of the products obtained are powdery or irregular solid particles.
2. Sprayable dryers, drum dryers, and multi-functional dryers are used for the flowable paste dyes. The spray dryer nozzles are available in pressurized, rotating, and air flow versions. The first two types produce hollow, particulate products.
3. Combined dryer, this type of equipment to reduce the size of the dryer, the operation is flexible, mainly spray surface fluidized dryer, spray fluid bed dryer, spray belt dryer and so on. Some products need to be cooled rapidly after drying. The dryer of the group has three levels of drying, one of which is cooling and drying. In addition, there are other drying patterns.
In recent years, the development trend of foreign drying equipment can be summarized as:
1. Drying equipment develops in the direction of large-scale continuous sealing. The so-called large-scale production increases the water evaporation capacity of the equipment, which is beneficial to the stability of product quality, reduces energy consumption, and raises the efficiency of high-drying hot tears, equipment costs, plant costs, and equipment. Operating costs are more economical.
2. Further development of paste-like dye drying equipment will enable exploration of the nature of materials and the rules of export, delivery and drying to more effectively address the drying of such materials.
3. In view of the heat-sensitive properties of the dyes, vacuum drying was developed until low-temperature drying equipment to ensure that the low-melting-point dyes do not deteriorate during the drying process.
4. Research and development of new multi-functional equipment, set filtering, drying, smashing, fight and wait until the unit operates in a machine, simplify the operating procedures.
5. The serial design and computer-assisted design of the equipment manufacturer's advanced equipment will further optimize the system and make it more effective.
6. Strengthen theoretical research and material testing, and constantly introduce new products to promote the development of dye production.
Third, the status of domestic dye drying equipment and development trends:
The development of drying equipment in China was relatively late, but it developed rapidly. In the 1964 regional survey, there were only several types of box dryers, rotary dryers, drum dryers, and air dryers. By the end of 1975, they were nationwide. A variety of drying equipments have appeared in the survey. Recent survey results show that in recent years, drying equipment in the dye industry in China has mainly concentrated on the following types.
Box-type dryer The box-type dryer always occupies the leading position of the drying equipment. This is because the box-type dryer is simple in manufacturing, low in cost, and convenient in operation. It is suitable for occasions with small batches, frequent replacement of varieties, and batch production. However, the box dryer has a long production cycle. Although it operates at a low temperature, it can easily cause overheating and deterioration of the dye. The product has uneven moisture. After drying, the product needs to pass through dry powder and the equipment has low thermal efficiency (usually only about 15%). The box-type dryer should be reformed, using forced hot air circulation structure, insulation layer, doors and some openings should be closed to prevent energy loss and improve thermal efficiency.
Jaw Dryer Jaw Drying is suitable for the drying of pasty dyes and intermediates. It has a wide range of application and is characterized by high thermal efficiency. However, some squeezing dryers are operated intermittently and their production capacity is affected. In recent years, with the use of flash dryers and paddle dryers, rake dryers have been replaced by both.
Spray Dryer The type of spray dryer is divided into three types: pressure type, turntable type, and air flow type. Each type has its own application in China. The airflow type is mostly sprayed on a drying tower that has been manufactured for more than 60 years. Because of its high energy consumption and the product's tendency to overheat and deteriorate, it has been gradually replaced by two other types. Due to the pressure type, centrifugal dryer can produce hollow particles, which is welcomed by users. However, the disadvantage of the spray dryer is its low thermal efficiency and large investment. The solution is to optimize it with other types of dryers. The discharged exhaust gas will be recovered through waste heat and will have more development prospects.
Rotary Flash Dryer Rotary flash drying sets dry and pulverize into a machine that can effectively dry paste-like dyes and intermediates. It is characterized by high heat rate and large production capacity. However, due to the large differences in material properties, it is necessary to have a corresponding feeder. Research in this area is still not enough. More tests should be conducted to find out the rules and expand the scope of use.
In addition, vibrating fluidized beds, hollow blade dryers, vibration carrier dryers, cyclone dryers are all new models that have appeared in the dye industry in recent years, and they all play a role in promoting the development of dye drying technologies in China.
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