China's early Western and Western millennium invented precision jade machinery

An archaeological study by the Anhui Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology shows that, 5,300 years ago, the ancestors of the Lingjiatan culture in Anhui Province had invented and used sophisticated jade machinery, which was three thousand years earlier than the birth of similar machinery in the West. This is the conclusion drawn by the researcher Zhang Jingguo and his assistant on the microscopic observation of various jade artifacts unearthed from the cemetery of Lingjiatan site in Hanshan County, Anhui Province, on the north bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

The Lingjiatan site is one of the important Neolithic cultural sites in China. It was discovered in 1985 that nearly 900 jade articles were unearthed about 5300 years ago. There are Yulong, Yuren, Yuying, Jade turtle, crystal earrings and jade. Trumpet ornaments, etc., modeling and craftsmanship show the technological level of the era. Research shows that Lingjiatan jade craftsmanship is advanced and the craftsmanship is exquisite. It is presumed that it should be processed by precision machinery such as machine.

The machine is a compound rotary jade jade machine, which can be used to cut jade, twist lines, polishing, etc. Its invention greatly improves the craftsmanship of jade making. Zhang Jingguo introduced that the high technology of Lingjiatan jade craft made with precision machinery is incredible. For example, he said that the crystal deafness is 1.2 cm high, 1.5 cm in diameter, 0.3 cm wide and 0.2 cm deep, and has an oblate shape. The crystal is hard and brittle, and modern craftsmanship is difficult to make. When he observed the crystal deafness under a 60-fold microscope, he found that the groove that was honed above was honed four times. Each time it was rotated and honed for one week, the honing marks were very flat and smooth, apparently left at high speed. It now appears that this must be done with a device such as a lathe today.

Another major discovery is a screw-grain drill tool used to drill jade, which has an oblate shape and a screw-shaped drill bit at both ends. The end is thick and the end is thin. This is the first in the world to be discovered. A stone-screw drill bit has been developed to replace stone with different metal alloys, but the form of the screw pattern has not changed.

In the past, the academic circles always believed that the Western compound machine was born more than 200 years ago, and the production of the burial jade ring in the Spring and Autumn Period of China from 771 BC to 475 BC was already processed by compound precision machinery, about 300 years earlier than the West. . The latest research results of Lingjiatan pushed this time forward for about 3,000 years.

Yan Wenming, deputy director of the Chinese Archaeological Society and a professor at Peking University, pointed out: "The importance of jade and jade culture in the history of Chinese civilization is unmatched by other ancient civilizations. The study of prehistoric jade is an important way to explore the formation of early Chinese civilization. The technical secrets of Lingjiatan jade craftsmanship have refreshed people's understanding of the development level of prehistoric technology."

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