Application of Jet Pump in Process Lubrication System and Its Vacuum Test

**Abstract:** This paper discusses the application of a jet pump in a lubrication system and its use in vacuum testing. The jet pump is a type of fluid machinery without rotating parts, utilizing the entrainment effect and turbulent diffusion of a jet medium to transfer energy from the working fluid to the suction liquid. Due to its simple structure, compact design, excellent sealing performance, and ability for long-distance control, it is suitable for harsh environments such as high temperature, high pressure, high vacuum, deep water, strong radiation, and corrosion. Jet pumps have been widely applied in various fields, with their use in plate filters being a notable success. **Classification Code: TH36 | Document Code: A | Article ID: 1001-3997 (1999) 06-0041-02** **1. Characteristics of Liquid Jet Pumps** A liquid jet pump operates by using the momentum transfer from a high-speed jet to induce flow in a secondary fluid. This process allows for efficient energy transfer without mechanical moving parts. Its advantages include a simple and robust structure, good sealing properties, and ease of remote control. These features make it ideal for use in extreme conditions where traditional pumps might fail. The jet pump’s versatility has led to its widespread adoption, especially in industrial applications like filtration systems. **2. Structural Parameters of Liquid Jet Pumps** The jet pump consists of several key components: a nozzle, a pump chamber, a throat inlet section, a throat, and a diffuser tube. The main structural parameters that influence performance are the area ratio (m), throat length (l₂), throat diameter (l₄), inlet angle (α₁), and diffusion angle (α₂). The area ratio is defined as m = F₂/F₁ = (d₂/d₁)². Performance is often described using three key parameters: flow ratio (q = Q_b/Q_a), head ratio (h), and efficiency (η = qh / (1 - h)). According to research, when the values fall within the following ranges: m = 2–9, l₂ = 1–6d₀, l₄ = 4–9d₂, α₁ = 15°–120°, α₂ = 0°–14°, and v₀ < 50 m/s, the jet pump performs optimally. The structural parameters significantly affect the efficiency and performance of the pump. For example, an area ratio between 3 and 4 leads to higher efficiency, while the diffusion angle plays a crucial role in determining the pump's overall effectiveness. **3. Vacuum Testing System for Jet Pump** To evaluate the jet pump’s vacuum performance, a testing system was designed. It includes a filter, hydraulic pump, motor, pressure control valve, globe valve, flow meter, jet pump, and vacuum gauge. The system layout is shown in Figure 3, which illustrates the arrangement of all essential components. **4. Test Results and Conclusions** By optimizing the structural parameters—such as setting the area ratio m = 3, throat length l₂ = 1.0d₀, diffusion angle α₂ = 8°, throat inlet angle α₁ = 12°, and throat length l₄ = 6d₂—the jet pump achieved a negative pressure of up to -0.06 MPa. As the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet increased, the vacuum level also improved. These results confirm the pump’s effectiveness in generating and maintaining vacuum conditions. **5. Application of Jet Pump in Plate Filter** The jet pump was successfully applied in a plate filter system, providing an effective sealing solution. This application eliminated leakage issues, making the entire filtration system more reliable and efficient. By leveraging the unique advantages of the jet pump, it proved to be an ideal choice for demanding, leak-free environments. **Author:** Zhao Yue (Liaoning Province Machinery Research Institute, Shenyang 110032) Quan Yuan Jun (Shenyang Gold Cup General Motors, Shenyang) (Word count: 527)

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