Crop Germplasm Bank and Gene Conservation

In general, plants and so on can continue to last, then there are excellent genes in the seeds that represent these plants, probably in terms of disease resistance, pest resistance, and possibly drought resistance. These excellent genes are The valuable wealth, and the use of crop Germplasm Bank to effectively conserve these excellent germplasm resources is the key to the retention of these outstanding genes.
Planting resources are also referred to as genetic resources, which means that the genetic material passed from the parent to the offspring of the crop is usually closely related to the genes. In the breeding work, it is usually necessary to select the best gene variety through screening. Therefore, the protection of planting resources is very important for the development of crop breeding. But for a long time, due to human activities, many biological species are slowly disappearing. There are many excellent genetic species in these species. Therefore, in order to rescue these outstanding genes, they can be preserved and used for future breeding work. Then you need to use the crop germplasm resource bank for protection.
Usually, germplasm resources exist in the form of seeds, and excellent genes are often included in these seeds. Therefore, the key to protecting excellent genes is to preserve these seeds. Studies have shown that, under low temperature conditions, most seeds have been stored for 15 years without significant reduction in germination rate, so cryogenic storage is currently the best way to preserve seed. The germplasm resource bank of crops is a facility that uses low-temperature preservation of germplasm resources. Its establishment and use can effectively extend the preservation time of seeds while maintaining its activity, and is the best way to protect its genes. At present crop germplasm resources The library is also widely used in the rescue of planting resources.
At the same time, the crop germplasm resource pool also has requirements for the selected seed resources. For example, the seeds that can enter the germplasm resource bank of a crop are usually all kinds of plant germplasm resources that can maintain the genetic integrity of the species through seed reproduction, that is, they need to be genetically complete. The seed type also requires that the seed is a normal seed, ie it should be of low temperature and dry tolerance type.

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