Three factors of temperature error in patch-type thermocouples

Patch-type thermocouples may produce errors in the temperature measurement process. The errors are caused by the following three aspects:

Response time
It takes a certain period of time for the temperature measurement to reach a thermal equilibrium. The length of the holding time is related to the thermal response time of the temperature measuring element. Thermocouple thermal response time mainly depends on the sensor's structure and measurement conditions. For gas media, especially stationary gas, at least 30 minutes or more should be maintained to achieve equilibrium; for liquids, it should be more than 5 minutes at the fastest.

2. Insertion depth
When the thermocouple is inserted into the location to be measured, heat flow will occur along the length of the sensor. When the ambient temperature is low, there will be heat loss. Causes the thermocouple and the measured object's temperature to be inconsistent and produce the temperature error.

3. Thermal radiation
Thermocouples inserted into the furnace for temperature measurement will be heated by the heat radiation emitted by high temperature objects. It is assumed that the gas in the furnace is transparent, and if the temperature difference between the thermocouple and the furnace wall is large, temperature measurement errors will occur due to energy exchange. To reduce thermal radiation errors, heat transfer should be increased and the furnace wall temperature should be as close as possible to the thermocouple temperature.

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