Sewage treatment in the correct selection of the five aspects of the screw pump

Screw pumps are widely used in wastewater treatment plants due to their variable flow delivery, self-priming capability, reversibility, and ability to handle liquids with solid particles. They are commonly used for moving water, sludge, and chemical flocculants. When selecting a screw pump, it is crucial to follow the principles of economy, reasonableness, and reliability. A poorly designed or improperly selected pump can lead to operational issues, increased maintenance costs, and reduced efficiency. Therefore, choosing a screw pump that matches actual needs ensures smooth operation and lowers long-term repair expenses. First, the selection of pump speed plays a vital role. The flow rate of a screw pump is directly proportional to its rotational speed. While high-speed pumps can increase flow and lift, they also significantly raise power consumption. High speeds accelerate wear between the rotor and stator, leading to early failure. Additionally, high-speed operation shortens the lifespan of the rotor and stator, which are often shorter in design. To extend the pump’s life, it is recommended to use a speed reducer or a stepless speed control system, keeping the speed within a reasonable range—typically around 300 revolutions per minute. This helps reduce friction and prolong the pump's service life. Second, the quality of the screw pump is essential. There are many types of screw pumps available on the market today. Imported models often feature superior design and materials but come at a higher cost. Some may lack adequate after-sales support, and spare parts might be expensive or take time to order, affecting production. Domestic alternatives often imitate imported models, but their quality varies greatly. When choosing a domestic pump, it is important to consider cost-effectiveness, low-speed operation, durable transmission components, and a longer service life. Third, it is crucial to prevent debris from entering the pump. Solid particles mixed in wet sludge can damage the rubber stator of the screw pump. To avoid this, many wastewater treatment plants install shredders, grilles, or filters before the pump. These devices help block large debris from entering the pump chamber. It is important to regularly clean the grilles to prevent clogging and ensure smooth operation. Fourth, the pump must never run dry. If the material is broken or interrupted, the rubber stator can suffer from dry friction, leading to overheating and burning. To prevent this, it is essential to keep the grille intact and ensure smooth material flow. Some screw pumps are equipped with a shutdown device that activates when the material is broken. Due to the self-priming nature of these pumps, a vacuum can form in the cavity, triggering the shutdown mechanism to protect the pump. Fifth, maintaining a constant discharge pressure is critical. As a positive displacement pump, a screw pump can experience a rapid rise in pressure if the outlet becomes blocked. This can cause excessive motor load, overloading the transmission components, and even result in motor burnout or mechanical failure. To prevent such issues, a bypass relief valve is typically installed at the outlet to regulate pressure and ensure stable pump operation.

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