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First, the performance parameters of a vacuum pump:
1. Ultimate Pressure
The ultimate pressure of a vacuum pump is measured in Pascals (Pa). It refers to the lowest pressure the pump can achieve at its inlet under standard test conditions, with no additional gas being introduced. This value indicates the pump's ability to reach a near-vacuum state.
2. Pumping Speed
Pumping speed is measured in cubic meters per second (m³/s) or liters per second (L/s). It represents the volume of gas that the pump can move through its inlet under specified operating conditions. This parameter reflects how quickly the pump can remove gas from a system.
3. Pumping Capacity
Pumping capacity is expressed in Pa·m³/s or Pa·L/s and refers to the amount of gas that the pump can handle at its inlet. It is an important factor when determining the pump’s efficiency in different applications.
4. Starting Pressure
Starting pressure is measured in Pascals (Pa) and refers to the minimum pressure at which the pump can begin operation without sustaining damage. This is crucial for ensuring reliable start-up in various vacuum environments.
5. Inlet Pressure
Inlet pressure is also measured in Pascals (Pa) and refers to the pressure at the pump’s intake. It is essential for understanding the working conditions the pump can handle effectively.
6. Maximum Inlet Pressure
Maximum inlet pressure is the highest pressure the pump can tolerate without risking damage. Exceeding this limit may lead to mechanical failure or reduced lifespan.
7. Maximum Working Pressure
This is the maximum pressure at the pump’s inlet under which it can operate continuously without performance degradation or damage. It defines the upper limit of the pump’s operational range.
8. Compression Ratio
The compression ratio is the ratio of the pump’s outlet pressure to its inlet pressure for a given type of gas. It measures the pump’s ability to compress gases during the pumping process.
9. H0 Coefficient
The H0 coefficient is the ratio of the actual pumping speed to the theoretical pumping speed calculated based on molecular effusion. It accounts for real-world inefficiencies in the pumping process.
10. Pumping Speed Coefficient
This coefficient is the ratio of the actual pumping speed at the pump inlet to the theoretical pumping speed calculated using molecular flow principles. It helps evaluate the pump’s efficiency.
11. Backflow Rate
Backflow rate is measured in grams per square centimeter per second (g/cm²·s) and refers to the mass flow rate of gas passing through the pump inlet under specified operating conditions. It is an indicator of leakage or inefficiency.
12. Water Vapor Allowance
Water vapor allowance is measured in kilograms per hour (kg/h) and indicates the maximum amount of water vapor the pump can continuously remove under normal environmental conditions.
13. Maximum Allowable Water Vapor Inlet Pressure
This is the highest pressure of water vapor that the pump can handle without damage. It ensures safe and effective operation in systems where moisture is present.
Second, the application of vacuum pumps:
Vacuum pumps come in various types, each designed for specific pressure ranges and starting pressures. Choosing the right pump depends on the application’s requirements, such as the desired vacuum level, gas composition, and environmental conditions. Proper selection ensures optimal performance, longevity, and reliability in industrial, scientific, and commercial settings.
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