Truck Differentials Introduction




As we all know, when the car is turning, the distance traveled by the outer wheel is longer than the inner wheel; when the car is driving straight on an uneven road, the lengths of the curves traveled by the two wheels are not equal; even if the road is very straight, but due to the tire Manufacture of dimensional errors, different degrees of wear, different loads or inflation pressure, the rolling radius of each tire is virtually impossible to equal, if both wheels are fixed on the same rigid shaft, the two wheel angle speed is equal, the wheel must appear Scroll while sliding.



The wheel-to-road slippage not only accelerates tire wear, increases the power consumption of the car, but also can cause deterioration in steering and braking performance. If the driven gear of the final drive gear drives both sides of the drive wheel through an entire shaft, the wheels on both sides can only rotate at the same speed. In order to ensure that the drive wheels on both sides are in a pure rolling state, two axle shafts must be used to connect the two side wheels respectively, and the driven gears of the final drive gear drive the two side axles and the wheels through the differential respectively so that they can be used differently. Angular speed rotation. This type of differential installed between the drive wheels on the same side of the drive axle is called the inter-wheel differential.



The general differential is mainly composed of planetary gears, planetary carrier (differential case), semi-axle gears and other components. The power of the engine enters into the differential through the drive shaft, directly drives the differential case, and then is driven by the planetary wheels. The right and the second axles drive the left and right wheels, respectively. When the vehicle goes straight, the right and left sides of the wheel are subject to considerable resistance, and the planetary gears in the differential housing only orbit with the housing and do not rotate.
When the vehicle turns, the inner wheel will have more resistance. The different forces on the two axles on both sides will cause the planetary gears to rotate in the middle, and the axles on both sides will have a difference in speed. The outer side turns faster than the inner side, so the vehicle can make a smooth turn.



Differential travel is characterized by the fact that the resistance of the left and right driving wheels is approximately the same. The power output from the engine is first transmitted to the differential case so that the differential case starts to rotate. The next step is to transfer the power from the shell to the left and right axles. We can understand that the axle gears on both sides are in “strength”, because the two wheels have the same resistance, so no one can beat the other, so the differential shell The planetary gear in the body rotates with the housing and does not rotate at the same time. The two planetary gears mesh with the two axle gears to rotate at the same speed, so the car can run straight!

Assuming the vehicle is now turning left, the distance traveled by the left drive wheel is short, which in turn creates greater resistance. The differential case is connected to the output shaft through gears. The rotation speed of the differential case does not change when the rotation speed of the transmission shaft is not changed. Therefore, the left side shaft gear will turn slower than the differential case. Equivalent to the planetary gears driving the left half shaft will be more laborious, then the planetary gear will produce autotransmission, to transmit more torque to the right side gear, due to the revolution of the planetary gear plus its own autobiography, resulting in the right half The shaft gear will increase on the basis of the speed of the differential housing so that the right wheel turns faster than the left wheel, allowing the vehicle to achieve a smooth turn.



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