China's six emission standards ahead of the difficulties of passenger car prices are still a lot of

In recent years, the management of automobile exhaust gas has continuously increased. According to the plan of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, China will enforce the six emission standards for light vehicles on July 1, 2020. However, in recent days, some regions are planning to implement the National 6 emission standards in advance ahead of the Ministry of Environmental Protection plan. According to industry sources, other cities may not rule out the possibility of similar local policies.

♦ Shenzhen and Guangzhou implement State VI ahead of schedule

On May 7, the official website of the Guangzhou Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau released the “Circular on the Implementation of the Sixth Phase of the National Air Pollutant Emission Standard for Motor Vehicles of Light Vehicles (Draft for Soliciting Opinions)”, proposing plans to start new vehicles on January 1, 2019. The imported light-duty vehicles will implement the national six emission standards. This means that since next year, light vehicles that do not comply with the National Sixth Standard will not be registered or transferred in Guangzhou.

There are still more active areas in Guangzhou than in Guangzhou. On March 29th, Shenzhen City issued the "Shenzhen Municipal Human Settlements Environment Committee and Shenzhen Public Security Bureau Traffic Police Bureau's Circular on the Implementation of the Sixth National Phase IV of the National Standard for the Emission of Air Pollutants from Vehicles (National 6) (Draft for Comment) 》 The circular stipulates that starting from July 1, 2018, light diesel vehicles sold, registered, and transferred in Shenzhen shall comply with the Sixth National Standard; from January 1, 2019, light weight sales, registration, and transfer into Shenzhen Gasoline cars should comply with the National Sixth Standard.

It is worth noting that, as with Shenzhen, ahead of the implementation of the six standards for light-duty gas-diesel vehicles, the Guangzhou Sixth National Emission Standard has also passed the country six a, and directly imposes more stringent national six b limits. According to the plan formulated by the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China in 2016, the “Six National Emission Standards for Light Vehicles” will be implemented in a step-by-step manner, and two emission limit plans for the country sixa and country sixb will be set up and implemented in 2020 and 2023, respectively. In other words, the implementation time of the new emission standards in the region was four years earlier than the national requirements.

♦ The Sixth National Standard is the strictest in history

In some regions, stricter emission standards were imposed prior to national requirements, and they were not unrelated to the deteriorating air quality. In recent years, the air quality of major cities in our country has continuously declined. Although various measures to improve air quality are being implemented, even so, people still wear masks in cities surrounded by haze. On May 14, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Environmental Protection issued a new round of research results on the source resolution of fine particles (PM2.5). Research shows that the average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing in 2017 is 58μg/m3. Beijing's local emissions account for 2/3 of the major sources, and regional transmission accounts for 1/3. Of the local emissions contribution, mobile sources, dust sources, industrial sources, and living surface sources accounted for 45%, 16%, 12%, and 12%, respectively, and diesel vehicles traveling in Beijing in mobile sources contributed the most. Therefore, it is obviously necessary for the car "saucer".

According to relevant data, the new standard is an upgrade to the current “Limited emission limits and measurement methods for light vehicle pollutants” (GB18352.5-2013). Compared with the current standards, the differences mainly focus on the following aspects. The first is that the test procedure requires different. The test vehicle's quality requirements and road load settings directly affect the vehicle's fuel consumption and emission performance. The S6 standard uses more stringent test requirements, such as increasing the weight of the test vehicle, and requires that the tire specifications must be consistent with that of the mass production vehicle. In addition, compared with the national five-stage gasoline and diesel vehicles using different limits, the National Sixth Standard adopts the same limit values ​​for gasoline and diesel vehicles based on the principle of fuel neutrality. Second, the test cycle is different. From the NEDC cycle of the National Five Standards to the WLTC cycle, the transient change of the working condition (speed) curve is obvious, the maximum speed reaches 131km/h, and the vehicle's cold start, acceleration and deceleration, and emissions under high-speed and high-load conditions are fully assessed. It covers a larger range of engine operation and puts forward higher requirements for vehicle emission control performance.

The S6 emission standard imposes stringent requirements on the control of the evaporative emission of gasoline from vehicle parking, driving, and hot weather. It also requires vehicles to install ORVR oil and gas on-line recovery devices to increase oil and gas control over the refueling process. The Sixth National Emissions Standard introduced the stringent US OBD control requirements, which comprehensively improved the real-time monitoring capabilities of vehicle emission status, enabled timely detection of vehicle emission failures, and ensured timely and effective vehicle maintenance. In addition, the national six emission standards also increase the actual road emissions, requiring the vehicle to be tested in the laboratory, but also in the urban areas, suburbs and highways, using the portable exhaust test equipment for exhaust testing in the normal driving conditions of the vehicle. The results must also meet the requirements of the standards and avoid the cheating of emissions similar to the "popular discharge gate."

The average limit of the car. If one considers the difference in testing procedures, it can be said that the Sixth National Standard is one of the most stringent emission standards in the world. ”

♦ Or will disrupt the original deployment of car companies

For car companies, every emission upgrade is like a “skin layer”. “The catalytic converter's precious metal content needs to be significantly increased to meet the country's six emission requirements. In addition, the cost of other related components is reflected in the re-upgrade of the engine, increase the high pressure or low pressure EGR, multi-hole injectors, use better spark plugs And larger carbon canisters, carbon canister solenoid valves, etc. If the relevant vehicle parts and components are improved or replaced, the total vehicle emissions will reach the national standard, and the increase in the cost of bicycles will be relatively small, but if the gasoline engine particulate traps are added, It will increase the cost of bicycles," said the person in charge of the company concerned.

In addition, when formulating the timetable for the implementation of the Sixth National Emissions Standard, some experts and scholars believe that the preparation period is not sufficient. In some areas, the New Deal will be implemented in advance and the situation of the company will be further aggravated. Fu Yuwu, principal of the China Society of Automotive Engineers, said: “The upgrading of automotive energy-saving and environmental protection technologies requires a preparation cycle. Energy-saving and environmental protection policies should promote the upgrading of the engine industry in a rhythmical manner. Compared to the National 5th light-duty vehicle, the S6 light-duty vehicle is very technically difficult. The challenges for the engine industry are very severe. Some cities hope that cars will be more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, but they should be careful and cannot be separated from reality. If they do, they will not only receive the desired results, but will also be counterproductive." He believes that the "double-point" policy The implementation of this system has already made some engine companies very difficult. The implementation of the six emission standards for light vehicles in advance will disrupt the deployment of engine companies.

"The country's five countries that escalate emissions from the six countries do not have too many bottlenecks in technology." An engineer at the Great Wall Motor Engine R&D Center stated that "the technical problems have been basically solved, but this does not mean that the products can be put on the market, and the mass production project will be calibrated." It takes a lot of time for the experimental data demonstration and other links,” said the engineer.

At the beginning of 2013, due to Beijing's implementation of the Beijing Five emission standard, a large number of vehicles for sale were forced to withdraw from the Beijing market, especially a large number of self-owned brand products, because the lack of preparation was severely affected. At the beginning of the implementation of the Beijing Five Standard in Beijing, only 1,313 models were listed in the standard vehicle catalog published by the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, which is far from the 3,000 or more models sold before the implementation. At that time, Great Wall, Geely, Chery, Brilliance, BYD, and other independent brands did not have products that met the Beijing Five emission standards, thus causing a dilemma that no car could be sold in the market.

In addition, the oil product standards for the country's six emission stages have not yet been announced. In 2020, the oil supply conditions for the implementation of the State Six emission standards will not be met. Some analysis pointed out that the quality of the fuel will have a direct impact on the tail gas after-treatment control device, improve the quality of the fuel will make the vehicle reduce pollutant emissions, than the implementation of the new vehicle emission standards can quickly improve the quality of tail gas. The improvement of air quality is a systematic project. Only limiting the exhaust emissions of motor vehicles can only have a multiplier effect.