Development trend of extrusion equipment for plastic machinery

Experts believe that the future direction of China's plastic machinery industry is to evolve toward combined structures, specialization, serialization, standardization, compounding, miniaturization, large-scale production, personalization, and intelligence, all while meeting demands for energy efficiency, material savings, and high productivity. High-speed, high-output extruders are becoming increasingly popular as they allow investors to achieve greater output with lower capital investment. However, the increased screw speed brings several challenges. For instance, shorter residence time in the extruder can lead to uneven mixing and plasticization of materials, and excessive shear forces may cause rapid heating and thermal decomposition. This makes it harder to maintain stable extrusion conditions, leading to fluctuations in the geometry of the extruded product. Additionally, the precision of auxiliary equipment and control systems must be improved, and the wear on the screw and barrel intensifies, requiring the use of high-wear-resistant materials. Solving issues related to component longevity and bearing performance at high speeds remains a critical challenge. Multi-functional extruders are known for their high efficiency, which is reflected in higher output, lower energy consumption, and reduced manufacturing costs. These machines are no longer limited to polymer processing; they are now widely used in fields such as food, feed, electric carbon, electrodes, explosives, construction materials, packaging, pulp, and ceramics. Another notable trend is the "one-step extrusion process," where kneading granulation and extrusion molding are combined into a single step, offering significant advantages in terms of efficiency and cost reduction. Large-scale and precise extrusion equipment helps reduce production costs, especially in applications like twin-screw granulation, blown film, and pipe extrusion. Large-scale extrusion units are essential for national infrastructure projects, and key components like large-scale extrusion granulators for ethylene projects have long been imported. Accelerating local production is crucial to meet the needs of the petrochemical industry. Precision in extrusion, such as in multi-layer co-extruded films, increases product value. Melt gear pumps play a vital role in achieving this precision and need further development. Modular and specialized production offers flexibility to meet diverse user requirements, shortens product development cycles, and helps gain a larger market share. Specialized production allows for fixed-point manufacturing of various system modules, enabling global procurement, which enhances overall machine quality, reduces costs, and improves capital turnover. In developed countries, intelligent and networked extruders utilize advanced electronic and computer control systems. They monitor parameters such as melt pressure, temperature, screw speed, feeding rate, raw material ratios, and motor current and voltage in real-time, using closed-loop microcomputer control. Some companies even implement online remote monitoring, diagnosis, and control, enhancing process stability and product accuracy. China’s plastic machinery industry has set a strategic direction for the "11th Five-Year Plan" focusing on high-efficiency, energy-saving, material-saving, environmentally friendly, large-scale, precise, and multi-layered equipment needed for national key projects and pillar industries. The goal is to enhance the technical content of existing products and improve overall industry standards. This strategy is expected to drive further growth and innovation in China’s plastic machinery sector.

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